2014辽宁高考英语（2014高考英语辽宁卷答案解析）

　　2014辽宁高考英语（2014高考英语辽宁卷答案解析）
　　介词（preposition 简写prep.）又称作前置词，表示名词、代词等与句中其他词的关系，在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句作它的宾语，表示与其他成分的关系。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组，在句中作状语，表语，补语，定语或介词宾语。同时介词的用法也很灵活，同一个介词可以表达多种意义，介词可以分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词、原因介词、数量介词和其他介词。
　　介词一般用于名词或者代词前面，表示该词与句中其他成分的关系。介词后面的名词或代词称为介词宾语（如果是人称代词，则要用宾格）。介词和介词宾语合在一起构成介词短语。
　　Part 1 初中英语介词详解
　　Part2高考常见代词形式
　　[主干知识·自主发散]
　　二、动词短语中的介词
　　Part 3 针对性练习
　　[真题集训·全握题点]
　　答案解析
　　Ⅰ.单句语法填空
　　1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Thistrend, which was started by the medical community (医学界)______a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects suchas overweight and heart disease — the very thing the medical community wastrying to fight.
　　解析：as　此处指作为一种抵抗心脏病的方法。as表示＂作为＂。
　　2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)It ranfor just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds onthe roads above as they travelled to and________ work.
　　解析：fromto and from＂往返，来回，来来往往＂。to and from work＂上下班＂。
　　3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)After school she plans to take a year off to model full­time before going touniversity to get a degree ________ engineering or architecture.
　　解析：in　名词degree意为＂学位＂，后面应该跟介词in，表示＂在……方面的学位＂。a degree in engineering or architecture意为＂工程学或建筑学学位＂。
　　4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)But myconnection with pandas goes back ________ my days on a TV show in the mid­1980s...
　　解析：togo back to为固定短语，意为＂回到，追溯到＂。
　　5．(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Most ofus are more focused ________ our tasks in the morning than we are later in theday.
　　解析：on　句意：我们中的很多人一天中早晨的注意力要比晚些时候更集中。be focused on＂专心于，集中于＂，为固定短语。
　　6．(2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Chopsticksare not used everywhere in Asia. InIndia, for example, most peopletraditionally eat ________ their hands.
　　解析：withwith one's hands ＂用某人的手＂。介词with意为＂用＂。
　　7．(2016·四川高考)Themother continued to care for the young panda ________ more than two years.
　　解析：for　句意：熊猫妈妈对小熊猫的照顾会持续两年多。＂for＋时间段＂表示持续一段时间。
　　8．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)For thosewho fly to Guilin, it'sonly an hour away __________ car and offers all the scenery of the better­knowncity.
　　解析：by　此处表示＂驱车只有一小时的路程＂。＂by＋交通工具名词＂为固定用法。
　　9．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)When anew day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough tocool the house during the hot day; ________ the same time, they warm up againfor the night.
　　解析：atat the same time意为＂同时＂，是固定短语。
　　10．(2015·广东高考)Hesold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby ________ other food andmade cheese and butter for the family with what was left.
　　解析：for　根据语境可知，他去附近的镇里卖牛奶，或用牛奶换其他的食物。这里用短语exchange ...for ...表示用牛奶换其他的食物。
　　11．(2015·广东高考)Oneday, the cow was eating grass when it began to rain heavily.While making greatefforts to run away, she fell over the hill and died.Then the Johnsons had tomake a living________ the cow.
　　解析：without　根据语境可知，奶牛在慌忙躲雨的时候，不小心摔死了，因此Johnson一家就不得不在没有了奶牛的情况下生活。故填without。
　　12．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)When thebus finally came, we all hurried on board.I got a place next ________ thewindow, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.
　　解析：to　此处next to是一个固定短语，意为＂挨着＂。
　　13．(2014·辽宁高考)Peter：OK.Don't laugh________ me.I may look funny.
　　解析：atlaugh at是固定搭配，意为＂嘲笑，取笑＂。
　　14．(2014·广东高考)Ididn'tunderstand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged________ the reservation.
　　解析：for　根据语境可知，＂我＂的信用卡已经为这次预订支付钱了。be charged for是固定搭配。
　　Ⅱ.单句改错
　　1．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)It was arelief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.
　　解析：on→ofin the middle of ＂在……中间＂，是固定搭配。
　　2．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)They havealso bought for some gardening tools.
　　解析：去掉for　buy用于buy sth.for sb.或buy sb.sth.两种结构。
　　3．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)When Ilook at this picture of myself, I realize of how fast time flies.I have grownnot only physically, but also mentally in the past few years.
　　解析：去掉realize后的of　realize是及物动词，后面直接跟宾语从句＂how fast time flies＂。
　　4．(2016·全国卷Ⅰ)My unclesays that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
　　解析：dreams后加of　固定短语dream of doing sth.意为＂梦想做某事＂。
　　5．(2016·浙江高考)Whilethey chatted, my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of thefridge.
　　解析：in→onon the top of为固定搭配，意为＂在……的上面/顶端＂。故应把in改为on。
　　6．(2016·四川高考)Dadcleaned the house, and then went on shopping.
　　解析：去掉on　go shopping＂去购物＂，go on shopping＂继续购物＂。
　　7．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately,on the development of industrialization, the environment has been polluted.
　　解析：on→withwith the development of为固定短语，意为＂随着……的发展＂。
　　8．(2015·全国卷Ⅱ)One day,little Tony went to a shopping center with his parents.It was very crowded.Tonysaw a toy on a shop window.
　　解析：on→in　根据语境可知，玩具是摆放在商店的橱窗里面的，故用介词in。
　　9．(2015·陕西高考)Mysoccer coach retired in last week.
　　解析：去掉in　last week＂上个星期＂，前面无需加介词。
　　10．(2015·四川高考)Pleasehelp with me and give me some advice.
　　解析：去掉with　动词help为及物动词，其后接宾语时无需加介词，故去掉with。
　　11．(2015·浙江高考)Myold classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were madefrom glass.
　　解析：from→ofbe made from和be made of都意为＂由……制成＂，但be made of是指从制成品中能直接看出原材料；be made from则不能直接看出原材料。此处表示教室的三面都是由玻璃制成的，能够看出原材料，故用be made of。
　　12．(2014·全国卷Ⅱ)We canlie on the grass for a rest, or sit by the lake listening music.
　　解析：listening后加to　listen为不及物动词，后跟名词时应该加上介词to。
　　13．(2014·辽宁高考)Weappreciate your apologies and goodwill, but we hope that you can figure a goodway of settling the matter.
　　解析：figure后加out　figure out＂想出＂，为固定短语。
　　14．(2014·四川高考)Ifyou hear the alarm, stand in line at the door and wait your teacher to lead yououtside.
　　解析：wait后加for　wait为不及物动词，后面跟宾语时应加介词for。
　　15．(2014·浙江高考)Theneveryone in the carriage began searching the ticket, which was eventually foundunder a seat several rows from its owner.