英语病假条（经典英语请假条解析）

　　英语病假条（经典英语请假条解析）
　　Dear Boss:
　　I am afraid that I have to tell you the bad news.
　　Something incredible happened to me last weekend. I had a car accident and thus broke my legs. Therefore, I have to inform you that maybe I cannot go to work in the next few weeks because of this serious accident. So I want to ask for a month's leave. Thank you for your consideration and
　　I'm expecting your approval.
　　Enclosed herewith is my X-ray photo for verification.
　　Sincerely yours,
　　Nancy Li
　　亲爱的老板：
　　很抱歉，我要告诉您一个坏消息。
　　这个周末我发生了一件令人无法置信的意外，我出了车祸，并且弄断了腿。所以我必须通知您，由于这个严重的意外，我可能在接下来的几个星期内无法到公司上班。特向您请一个月的假。望您考虑并予以批准。
　　随信附上我的 X 光照片以兹证明。
　　南希 · 李 敬上
　　考点解析
　　1. I am afraid that I have to tell you the bad news. 很抱歉，我要告诉您一个坏消息。
　　整个句式是一个习惯表达法，用以表示遗憾地必须地不得不地说出不好的事情，这个用法超重要，一定要会有。（注意这里的the 不可以换为a）
　　have to，表示客观上不得不，必须；而主观上并非愿意。注意，must,强调主观上＂必须＂如：
　　It’s a pity that we have to leave now.我们现在必须离开了，真是遗憾。
　　We must cut down the expenses.我们必须削减开支。
　　2. Something incredible happened to me last weekend. I had a car accident and thus broke my legs. 这个周末我发生了一件令人无法置信的意外，我出了车祸，并且弄断了腿。
　　something incredible令人无法置信的意外
　　当形容词修饰something、anything、nothing等词时，习惯后置；注意，在形容词修饰不定代词something，anything，nothing ，everything，everyone, anybody 复合不定代词等时后置；available修饰名词时，也通常后置，如 there is no seat available.小结：
　　普通形容词修饰不定代词时要后置，如：something important
　　I ’ d like something cheaper. 我想买点较为便宜的东西。
　　Is there anything good on TV tonight? 今晚电视有好节目吗?
　　Nobody decent will go there. 正派人不会到那里去的。
　　2） 表语形容词作定语时也要后置。Do you have a room available
　　tips？
　　表语形容词指的是一般只做表语的形容词，大多以a开头，即首字母为a
　　如: asleep, afraid, awake
　　3）若不是单个的形容词，而是一个形容词短语用作定语，则必须后置。如：
　　Is the room big enough for a party? 这个房间容得下一个晚会吗?
　　I think he is a man suitable for the job. 我认为他是适合做这项工作的人。
　　例外：第一，必须把something当作名词来用；第二，something必须带定冠词或不定冠词：He felt the presence of an unknown something.
　　他感觉到一种未知的东西的存在。
　　incredible [ɪnˈkredəbl] adj.不能相信的;难以置信的;极好的;极大的
　　比较级： more incredible 最高级： most incredible
　　adj.
　　1）
　　不能相信的；难以置信的
　　impossible or very difficult to believe
　　同义词： unbelievable
　　an incredible story
　　不可思议的故事
　　It seemed incredible that she had been there a week already.
　　真让人难以置信，她已经在那里待了一个星期了。
　　The wildflowers will be incredible after this rain.
　　这场雨过后,野花会变得美不胜收。
　　Their father was incredibly good-looking.
　　他们的父亲十分英俊。
　　It seemed incredible that people would still want to play football during a war.
　　在战时人们仍然想踢足球,这似乎不可思议。
　　We import an incredible amount of cheese from the Continent.
　　我们从欧洲大陆进口数量惊人的奶酪。
　　Thanks for taking me, I had an incredible time
　　谢谢你带我去，我玩得非常开心。
　　There was an incredible din
　　声音异常嘈杂。
　　It's incredible how much Francesca wants her father's approval
　　你想象不到弗朗西丝卡多么希望得到父亲的同意。
　　His panic was incredible.
　　他惊恐万分。
　　《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
　　What first attracted me to her was her incredible experience of life
　　她离奇的人生经历最先吸引了我。
　　It is incredible that the 12-year-old managed to even reach the pedals, let alone drive the car.
　　12岁的孩子能踩到踏板已经是不可思议，就更不用说开车了。
　　The script is utterly banal. It is incredible that human minds can put such muck on to paper.
　　这个剧本是十足的平庸之作，难以想象有人会写出这样的垃圾。
　　It's incredible that Peter can behave with such stupid lack of feeling.
　　彼得行事如此麻木不仁，真是难以置信。
　　It sounded incredible in common.
　　乍一听来，简直不可思议。
　　It's quite incredible to think that he now hasn't got a bean
　　很难相信他现在身无分文。
　　She lived a wild and incredible life
　　她过去的生活极其放纵。
　　2）
　　极好的；极大的 （其实汉语也有整个用法，好的不可思议，好的无法想象，好的一塌糊涂等）
　　extremely good or extremely large
　　The hotel was incredible.
　　这家旅馆棒极了。
　　an incredible amount of work
　　极大量的工作
　　You're always an incredible help on these cases.
　　在这些事情上你一直是个难得的好帮手。
　　This fellow is incredible!
　　这家伙神了！
　　I felt I'd made an incredible discovery.
　　我觉得我有一个天大的发现。
　　It was an incredible display of motherly love and forgiveness.
　　那是慈母般关爱与宽容的了不起的表现。
　　In your free time, explore all that this incredible city has to offer.
　　您可以在闲暇时间探索这座美妙城市的各种风情。
　　Ms Nova is the proud possessor of a truly incredible voice.
　　诺娃女士拥有一副美妙动听的好嗓音，对此她深以为豪。
　　have a car accident 出车祸
　　have a crash\have a traffic accident
　　出车祸
　　3. Therefore, I have to inform you that maybe I cannot go to work in the next few weeks because of this serious accident.
　　所以我必须通知您，由于这个严重的意外，我可能在接下来的几个星期内无法到公司上班。
　　therefore [ˈðerfɔːr] adv.因此;所以;因而
　　He's only 17 and therefore not eligible to vote.
　　他只有17岁，因此没有投票选举的资格。
　　There is still much to discuss. We shall, therefore, return to this item at our next meeting.
　　要讨论的问题还有很多。所以，我们将在下次会议上再讨论这项议题。
　　Muscle cells need lots of fuel and therefore burn lots of calories
　　肌肉细胞需要很多能量，所以会燃烧大量卡路里。
　　Nothing was to prevent him now from becoming the richest, and therefore the happiest, manin the world.
　　现在什么也阻挡不了他成为世上最富有因而也是最幸福的人。
　　The truth is that junk bonds were misnamed, and therefore misunderstood.
　　事实上人们对垃圾债券的称谓有误，所以产生了误解。
　　It rained and therefore the football match was postponed.
　　天下雨，足球赛因此而延期了。
　　Most voters care more about jobs and therefore the Government can write off votersmotivated by environmental issues
　　大多数选民更在乎工作，因此政府可以不必在意那些关注环境问题的选民。
　　They had seen him trawling and therefore knew that there were fish
　　他们曾见过他用拖网捕鱼，因此知道那里有鱼。
　　She is a professional economist and therefore schooled in the arguments against that sort of state intervention.
　　她是个专业经济学家，因此在驳斥类似国家干预行为方面经验丰富。
　　Some people may manage their finances badly and therefore have to go short of essentials.
　　有些人可能极不善于理财，因而不得不缺衣少食地将就过活。
　　He was a businessman, and therefore he always has an eye out for any opportunity to make money.
　　他是商人，总见钱眼开。
　　No evidence has been found in the case so far and therefore it is probably a libelous suit.
　　查无实据，恐怕是诬告。
　　通过以上例子大家有没有发现and therefore，就可以链接两个句子，表示：因此
　　如果用逗号隔开，therefore就可以链接两个句子：
　　He was busy, therefore, he couldn't come.
　　他忙得很，所以没有来。
　　《汉英大词典》
　　It's our hope that we will play an increasingly greater role in the marketplace and, therefore, supply more jobs.
　　我们希望在市场中扮演越来越重要的角色，从而提供更多的就业机会。
　　《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
　　4. So I want to ask for a month's leave. Thank you for your consideration and
　　I'm expecting your approval. 特向您请一个月的假。望您考虑并予以批准。
　　ask for a month's leave请一个月的假
　　consideration [kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn] n.仔细考虑;深思;斟酌;(作计划或决定时)必须考虑的事(或因素、原因);(对他人的)考虑周到，体谅，顾及
　　复数： considerations
　　Careful consideration should be given to issues of health and safety.
　　健康与安全的问题应该认真予以考虑。
　　The proposals are currently under consideration (= being discussed) .
　　那些提案目前正在审议中。
　　After a few moments' consideration, he began to speak.
　　他想了片刻后开始讲话。
　　economic/commercial/environmental/practical considerations
　　需要考虑的经济 / 商业 / 环境 / 实际因素
　　Time is another important consideration.
　　时间是另一个需要考虑的重要因素。
　　Journalists stayed away from the funeral out of consideration for the bereaved family.
　　出于对丧失亲人家属的考虑，新闻记者没有到葬礼现场。
　　a small sum in consideration of your services
　　酬谢你服务的小费
　　He said there should be careful consideration of the future role of the BBC.
　　他说应该认真思考英国广播公司将来要扮演的角色。
　　Several proposals are under consideration by the state assembly.
　　有几个提案州议会正在讨论中。
　　Show consideration for other rail travellers
　　体谅其他铁路乘客。
　　Really, her tone said, some people have absolutely no consideration.
　　她的语气的确是在说有些人从不替他人考虑。
　　《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》
　　Safe driving is good driving because it takes into consideration the lives of other people.
　　安全驾驶是良好的驾驶习惯，因为它考虑到了他人的人身安全。
　　He has decided to prosecute her after careful consideration of all the relevant facts
　　在认真考虑了所有相关事实后，他决定起诉她。
　　Objections to the plan will be taken into consideration.
　　对本计划的异议将予以考虑。
　　I'll let you have an answer after mature consideration.
　　我考虑成熟后再给你回答。
　　This proposal is hardly worth of serious consideration.
　　这个建议几乎不值得认真考虑。
　　Such ideas merit careful consideration.
　　这样的想法值得斟酌。
　　It will be apparent on a moment's consideration.
　　稍加思考，这个问题就清楚了。
　　Place health above every other consideration.
　　把健康置于其他所有需要考虑的事情之上。
　　Their prime consideration has been not to overheat the economy.
　　他们首要考虑的是防止经济发展过快。
　　He has never shown much consideration for his wife's feelings.
　　他从来不大顾及他妻子的感情。
　　He was respected by all who knew him for his kind and gentlemanly consideration.
　　他为人谦和而且有绅士风度，认识他的人都很尊重他。
　　This measure needs further discussion and consideration.
　　这项措施尚待商酌。
　　approval [əˈpruːvl] n.
　　赞成;同意;批准，通过，认可(计划、要求等);(商品)试用，包退包换 复数： approvals
　　She desperately wanted to win her father's approval.
　　她急不可待地想赢得父亲的赞同。
　　Do the plans meet with your approval ?
　　这些计划你赞成吗？
　　The proposed modifications met with widespread approval.
　　修改提议得到了广泛的赞同。
　　Several people nodded in approval .
　　好几个人点头表示同意。
　　Jacques tasted one and nodded his approval
　　雅克尝了一个，点头称好。
　　A quick nod of approval would have done nicely.
　　要是当时立即点头同意就好了。
　　反义词： disapproval（不赞同）
　　~ (for sth) (from sb)
　　批准，通过，认可（计划、要求等）
　　The plan will be submitted to the committee for official approval.
　　该计划将送交委员会正式批准。
　　parliamentary/congressional/government approval
　　议会的 / 国会的 / 政府的批准
　　Senior management have given their seal of approval (= formal approval) to the plans.
　　高层管理部门已经正式批准这些计划。
　　I can't agree to anything without my partner's approval.
　　没有合伙人的认可我什么也不能答应。
　　planning approvals
　　（建筑）规划的批准
　　The proposal is subject to approval by the shareholders (= they need to agree to it) .
　　这项建议须得到股东的批准。
　　The chairman has also given his approval for an investigation into the case
　　主席也已同意对此案进行调查。
　　The testing and approval of new drugs will be speeded up.
　　新药品的检测和审批速度将会加快。
　　His son had an obsessive drive to gain his father's approval
　　他儿子非常渴望得到父亲的嘉许。
　　The president's approval rating had risen.
　　总统的支持率上升了。
　　New public opinion polls show the president's approval rating at its lowest point since hetook office.
　　新的民意调查显示总统的支持率跌到了他就职以来的最低点。
　　Their support is conditional on his proposals meeting their approval.
　　他们的支持是以他的提案得到他们的批准为条件的。
　　A reformed party would have to win the approval of the people.
　　一个革新的政党需要赢得人民的认可。
　　The promise of some basic working rights draws murmurs of approval
　　对一些基本工作权利的承诺引来一片低声的赞许。
　　Washington would not take such a step without its allies ' approval
　　没有盟国的同意，华盛顿将不会采取这样一种行动。
　　The Constitution requires the president to seek the prior approval of Congress for militaryaction
　　宪法规定总统在采取军事行动之前必须获得国会同意。
　　It's incredible how much Francesca wants her father's approval
　　你想象不到弗朗西丝卡多么希望得到父亲的同意。
　　We hope today's offer will meet with your approval too
　　我们希望今天的提议也能够得到您的首肯。
　　A roar of approval resounded through the Ukrainian parliament
　　一片赞成声在乌克兰议会中回响。
　　Any alterations had to meet the approval of the local planning authority.
　　任何改建都要取得当地规划机构的批准。
　　The plan has met with approval.
　　计划已被批准。
　　He looked back at the woman for approval, but her face was unreadable.
　　他回头看那个女人以求得到赞许，但是她的表情让人读不懂。
　　The city fathers have just given final approval to a new stadium.
　　市政官员刚刚决定同意建立一座新体育馆。
　　The prime minister has given his approval to the plan.
　　总理已经批准了这项计划。
　　He has won his father's approval.
　　他赢得了父亲的赞同。
　　5. Enclosed herewith is my X-ray photo for verification.
　　随信附上我的 X 光照片以兹证明。
　　enclosed [ɪnˈkloʊzd] adj.(用墙等)围住的，封闭的;随函附上的;附上的;与外界隔绝的
　　enclose v.(用墙、篱笆等)把…围起来;围住;附入;随函(或包裹等)附上
　　Please return the completed form, enclosing a recent photograph.
　　请将填好的表格寄回，并附上近照一张。
　　I have enclosed a cheque for £ 10
　　我已随信附上10英镑的支票。
　　He tore open the creamy envelope that had been enclosed in the letter
　　他撕开了随信寄来的奶油色信封。
　　The enclosed leaflet shows how Service Care can ease all your worries.
　　随信寄上的宣传页将说明＂服保＂如何能为您解除所有烦忧。
　　I enclose two tickets along with this letter.
　　我随信附上两张票。
　　If you would like to send a donation to Cobuild, please enclose a cheque with your
　　coupon
　　如果你想为Cobuild语料库捐款，请随订货单附上支票。
　　Please enclose a self-addressed envelope.
　　请附上写明姓名地址的回邮信封。
　　Please remember to enclose a stamped addressed envelope when writing.
　　请记得写信时在信封里放一个贴好邮票、写明地址的信封。
　　Please enclose a stamped self-addressed envelope.
　　请随信寄来一个贴好邮票的回信信封。
　　Please enclose your remittance, making cheques payable to Thames Valley Technology.
　　请附上汇款，支票收款人为泰晤士河谷科技公司。
　　Make sure you enclose all the relevant certificates.
　　要保证把所有相关证书都放在里面。
　　Low hedges enclosed the flower beds.
　　矮树篱把花坛围了起来。
　　She felt his arms enclose her.
　　她感到他搂住了她。
　　he yard had been enclosed with iron railings.
　　院子用铁栅栏围了起来。
　　The land was enclosed in the seventeenth century (= in Britain, when public land was made private property) .
　　这块地在17世纪被圈为私有。
　　The surrounding land was enclosed by an eight foot wire fence.
　　周围的土地围有8英尺高的铁丝栅栏。
　　herewith [ˌhɪrˈwɪð] adv.随同此信(或书、文件)
　　I enclose herewith a copy of the policy.
　　我随信附上一份保险单。
　　I return herewith your papers.
　　我随信退还你的文件。
　　Enclosed herewith is a twenty-fen stamp.
　　随函附上20分邮票一张。
　　Please find two samples enclosed herewith.
　　寄上样品两种，请查收。
　　Herewith we are sending you a written contract under seal in two copies.
　　兹寄上盖有印章的契约一式两份。
　　my X-ray photo我的 X 光照片
　　verification [ˌvɛrəfəˈkeɪʃən]
　　n.
　　检验，检查，审核；验收；查证，证实，验证，核实；鉴定；查清;宣誓证实;核对（账目的）真实性
　　All charges against her are dropped pending the verification of her story.
　　在她的事情核实之前，所有针对她的指控都已撤回。
　　I verified the source from which I had that information...
　　我核实了我所获消息的来源。
　　知识拓展
　　一、请假的常用句式：
　　1.take some time off
　　请假
　　2.I was wondering would it be ok with you if i did sth
　　显示礼貌的句型
　　3.I was wondering if i could talk to you for a sec?
　　我能占用您几分钟时间吗？
　　4.I was wondering would it be ok with you if i took Friday off?
　　我在想哦，我礼拜五请假你ok吗？
　　5.I have some personal issue i need to take care of.
　　我有私事要处理
　　6.I need a day off today because my wife is going into labor today.
　　我今天需要请一天假，我老婆要生孩子了。
　　7.May I have/take a few extra days off?
　　我可以多请几天假吗？
　　二、我们就顺便来看下，英文中＂请假＂的各种说法，以及一些周边小常识。
　　说到假期的英文，很多人第一反应是 holiday，但其实，
　　英文中，假期的说法有好几个，而且内涵差很多。今天一起来学习下吧。
　　holiday, vacation, days off, leave 比较
　　· holiday：是指因宗教节日或国家喜庆日而设立的法定＂假日＂。
　　Christmas holiday is the biggest holiday in many Western countries.
　　在很多西方国家，圣诞节是最重要的假期。
　　· vacation：一般指大学的假期
　　summer vacation 暑假
　　winter vacation寒假
　　· days off：纯粹指不用上班，休息的日子，例如周末。
　　· leave：通常必须是自己申请的休假
　　· break：指短暂的休息，比如课堂休息、开会休息
　　下面来看看，在职场上，假期的种类。
　　各种假期说法
　　annual leave年假
　　maternity leave产假
　　faternity leave陪产假
　　sick leave 病假
　　personal leave事假
　　marriage leave婚假
　　funeral leave丧假
　　menstruation leave 生理假
　　leave for religious holidays宗教假
　　在正规的公司上班，员工请假的事由大概就是以上这些了。
　　annual leave 视公司和个人在职年限而定，一般在5-20天不等。
　　maternity leave一般是98天，产前可以休假15天；难产的，增加产假15天；生育多胞胎（mutiple births），每多生育1个婴儿，增加产假15天。
　　faternity leave，也就是男人请的陪产假，全国各地都不同，一般在7-30天之间。
　　marriage leave，各地区差别也很大，一般在10-30天
　　funeral leave一般为1-3天
　　menstruation leave：姨妈假，非强制性假期，一般0.5--1天
　　除了这些假期，还有--
　　轮休rotate days off
　　调休 leave/ time off in lieu [lju:]
　　* in lieu 是代替的意思，leave in lieu 就是替换的休假，也就是调休了。
　　那么，说到请假，该用什么短语和句式表达呢？
　　请假 ask for leave
　　准假 grant leave
　　超假 overstay one’s leave
　　告假 on leave
　　带薪休假 paid leave
　　批假 approve one's leave
　　休假 have a holiday
　　延长假期 extend one's leave
　　申请休假 submit a request to take the leave
　　休假中 on holiday/on one’s holiday/ take holiday
　　再来看看，英文中请假，有哪些句式呢？
　　常用句式
　　most commonly used expressions
　　He has a day off today.
　　他今天请假一天。
　　She had two weeks off because she was ill.
　　因为生病了，她请假两周。
　　Can I have 3 hours off today in lieu of the 3 hours of overtime I worked last night?
　　昨天晚上我加班了3个小时，今天我能调休3小时吗？
　　Do I get time off in lieu if I work overtime on the holiday?
　　如果假期我加班，我能获得调休吗？
　　下面我们来看看，如何表达休假理由。
　　病假理由
　　sick leave
　　I don’t feel well./ I am feeling sick./ I am unwell./ I am not doing too well.
　　我不太舒服。
　　I have been feeling very run down lately.
　　最近我有点虚弱。
　　I think I've caught a bug.
　　我觉得我是感冒了。
　　I have a bad headache.
　　我头疼。
　　I have a sore arm.
　　我胳膊疼。
　　那么，请假了，一般都要做好交接工作。
　　这种表达如何说呢？
　　工作交接
　　useful expression
　　fill in for someone
　　fill in 是填空的意思，fill in for sb 就是为别人顶板，暂时代替别人
　　We'll have to find someone to fill in for Francis tonight as he's ill.
　　费朗西斯病了，我们得找个什么人今晚顶替他。
　　cover for somebody代替某人
　　Can you cover for me on Friday because I am gonna visit my aunt that day.
　　星期五能不能请你替我个班，那天我要去看阿姨。
　　最后，给大家看两组请假条的书写方式，
　　大家下次可以参考用起来。
　　2018/1/23
　　MONDAY
　　Dear Mr./Ms. XXX，
　　This letter is a formal request for a leave of absence, to follow up on our meeting yesterday. As we discussed, I would like to request a leave of absence from April 1 through June 30, 20XX.
　　I will return to work on July 1, 20XX.
　　Please let me know if I can provide further information or if you have any questions.
　　Thank you very much for your consideration in providing me with this opportunity for personal leave.
　　Sincerely,
　　Peter Smith
　　2017/8/28
　　MONDAY
　　Dear Jennifer,
　　As we discussed yesterday, I would like to request a formal leave of absence from my job. I plan to be away from July 1, 20XX - December 31, 20XX, returning to work on January 1, 20XX.
　　If approved, I would be glad to help with a plan to cover my workload in my absence. I would also be available to answer questions and provide assistance while I am away.
　　Please let me know if you need any additional information. Thank you very much for your consideration of my request.
　　Best,
　　John White
　　三、请假的高频使用金句
　　1. I would like to know if I could ask for a casual leave of absence for one day
　　我想知道我是否可以请一天的假
　　2. I think a one-day leave for this Wednesday may be the best solution°
　　我觉得在周三请一天的假或许是最好的解决
　　3. I apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may have caused
　　我为请假可能对工作上造成不便表示歉意。
　　4. I have got an accident
　　我出了意外。
　　5. I burnt my hands while cooking. 我做饭的时候烫伤了双手。
　　6. My brother got seriously ill these days and I have to look after him
　　我弟弟这几天病得很严重,我得照顾他。